REDUCE is by default case insensitive, and depending on the installation the default behaviour may be to map upper case characters to lower case, or the reverse. This insensitivity is primarily to allow for greater portability of the REDUCE code, it is however, somewhat undesirable for a mathematical system, since the same symbol in different case is often used to represent different quantities.
By default, REDTEN is a case-sensitive system: it clears the control switches raise and lower at startup (these switches can be set by the user with the commands on or off ). In an upper-case system the raise switch is on, while the lower switch is off, the reverse may be true in lower-case systems, but the exact combination is implementation dependent. Improperly setting these switches can trap the user in the system, with no way to gracefully exit or reset the switches (the REDUCE quote character ``!'' can be used to inhibit the case-mapping of the system, see below).
If the REDUCE system is upper-case by default, a package to map the names of many of the commonly used operators and functions to lower case is available (see §7.4); this is not needed if the system is by default lower-case. In this document it is assumed that the REDUCE system is lower-case.