Publications — refereed

Kennedy J M. 1993 Drawing and the Blind (on TSpace)

Kennedy J M. 1974 Psychology of Picture Perception (on TSpace)

Kennedy, J. M  (in press)  Metaphoric drawings devised by an early-blind adult on her own initiative. Perception.

Hammad, S., Kennedy, J. M., Juricevic, I. and Rajani, S. (2008) Ellipses on the surface of a picture. Perception, 37, 504-510

Hammad, S., Kennedy, J. M., Juricevic, I. and Rajani, S. (2008)  Angle illusion on a picture’s surface. Spatial Vision, 21, 451-462

Kennedy, J. M., Juricevic, I., Hammad, S. and Rajani, S.  (2007) Perspective: Arnheim and in-between solutions. Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity and the Arts, 1, 40-46

Kennedy, J.M. and Juricevic, I. (2006) Blind man draws using convergence in three dimensions. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 13 (3), 506-509.

Heller, M. A., Kennedy, J. M., Clark, A., McCarthy, M., Borgert, A., Fulkerson, E., & Wemple, L A., Kaffel, N., Duncan, A., & Riddle, T. (2006). Viewpoint and orientation influence picture recognition in the blind. Perception, 35, 1397-1420.

Juricevic, I and Kennedy, J. M. (2006) Looking at perspective pictures from too far, tooclose and just right. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General,  135(3), 448-461.

Kennedy, J.M. and Juricevic, I. (2006) Foreshortening, convergence and drawings from a blind adult.  Perception, 35, 847 – 851

Roncero, T., Kennedy, J. M. and Smyth, R. (2006) Similes on the internet have explanations. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 13(1) 74-77

Kennedy, J.M. (2005) Lo tangible y lo visible en los dibujos que realizan las personas ciegas. [Drawings by the blind use what is visible as well as what is tangible.] Integracion, 44,7-12.

Kennedy, J. M. and Bai, J. (2004) Line at shape-from-shadow border tested with stereo. Perception, 33, 653-665 [Figure selected for Viper website of perception displays: York Univ, UK]

Vervaeke, J. and Kennedy, J. M. (2004) Conceptual metaphor and abstract thought. Metaphor and Symbol. 19(3), 213–231

Kennedy, J. M. and Juricevic, I. (2003) Haptics and projection: Drawings by Tracy, a blind adult. Perception, 32, 1059-1071

Kennedy, J. M. (2003) Drawings by Gaia, a blind girl Perception, 32, 321-340

Chiappe, D., Kennedy, J.M. and Chiappe, P. (2003) Aptness is more important than comprehensibility in predicting recognition bias and preference for metaphors and similes. Poetics, 31, 51-68

Chiappe, D. and Kennedy, J. M. (2003) Reversibility, aptness and the conventionality of metaphors and similes Metaphor and Symbol,18, 85-106

Kennedy, J. M. and Juricevic, I. (2002) Foreshortening gives way to forelengthening Perception, 31, 893-894.

Kennedy, J.M. and Bai, J. (2002) Haptic pictures: fit judgments predict identification, recognition memory, and confidence Perception, 31, 1013-1026

Kennedy, J. M. (2002) Eclipse, shape-from-shadow and perceiving astronomic size — Earth’s. Perception, 31, 1027-1029

D’Anguilli, A. and Kennedy, J. M. (2001) Children’s tactual exploration and copying without vision International Journal of Rehabilitation Research, 24, 233-234

Chiappe, D. and Kennedy, J. M. (2001) Literal bases for metaphor and simile. Metaphor and Symbol [Special issue Editor: R. Giora], 16, 249—276

D’Anguilli, A. and Kennedy, J. M. (2000) Guided exploration enhances tactual picture

recognition in blindfolded sighted children. International Journal of Rehabilitation Research, 23, 319-320

Kennedy, J. M. and Merkas, C. (2000) Depictions of motion devised by a blind person. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 7, 700-706

Kennedy, J.M. and Bai, J. (2000) Cavanagh and Leclerc shape-from-shadow pictures: do line versions fail because of the polarity of the regions or the contour? Perception, 29, 399-407

Cavanagh, P. and Kennedy, J. M. (2000) Close encounters: small details veto depth from shadows, Science, 287, 2451

Chiappe, D.L. and Kennedy, J.M. (2000) Are metaphors elliptical similes? Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 29, 371—398

Chiappe, D.L. and Kennedy, J.M. (1999) Aptness predicts preference for metaphors or similes as well as recall bias. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 6, 668—676

Mirabella, G. and Kennedy, J.M. (1999) Which way is upright and normal? Haptic perception of letters above head level. Perception and Psychophysics, 61, 909-918.

Kennedy, J.M. and Chiappe, D. (1999) What makes a metaphor stronger than a simile? Metaphor and Symbol, 14, 63—69. [Special issue]

D’Angiulli, A., Kennedy, J.M. and Heller, M.A. (1998). Blind children recognizing tactile pictures respond like sighted children given guidance in exploration. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 39,189-190.

Kennedy, V.R. and Kennedy, J.M. (1998) Form symbolism can be extended by style Acta Analytica , 20, 155–174.

Liu, C.H. and Kennedy, J.M., (1997), Form symbolism, analogy and metaphor Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 4, 546-551.

Vervaeke, J. and Kennedy, J.M. (1996). Metaphors in language and thought: Disproof and multiple meanings. Metaphor and Symbolic Activity, 11 , 273-284.

Berntsen, D. and Kennedy, J.M. (1996) Unresolved contradictions specify attitudes - in metaphor, irony, understatement and tautology. Poetics, 24, 13-29.

Nicholls, A. L. and Kennedy, J.M. (1995). Foreshortening in cube drawings by children and adults. Perception, 24, 1443-1556.

Heller, M.A., Kennedy, J.M. and Joyner, A.D. (1995). Production and interpretation of pictures of houses by blind people. Perception, 1049-1058.

Liu, C.H. and Kennedy, J.M. (1995). Misalignment effects in 3-D versions of Poggendorff displays. Perception and Psychophysics, 1995, 57, 409-415.

Liu, C.H. and Kennedy, J.M. (1994). Symbolic forms can be mnemonics for recall. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 1, 494-498.

Kennedy, J.M. and Kennedy, V.R. (1994). Realism as a basis for reinterpretation in visual metaphor, Canadian Journal of Rhetorical Studies, 4, 106-120.

Kennedy, J.M. (1994). Diderot, Katz and axial theory of outline tactile pictures. Revista de Psicologia, General y Aplicada, 47, 25-39. (Translated by J.C.F. Trespalacios)

Berntsen, D. and Kennedy, J.M. (1994). Contradictions between metaphors: A means of expressing an attitude. Metaphor and Symbolic Activity, 9, 193-210.

Nicholls, A. and Kennedy, J.M. (1993). Angular subtense effects on perception of polar and parallel projections of cubes. Perception and Psychophysics, 54, 763-772.

Nicholls, A. and Kennedy, J.M. (1993). Foreshortening and the perception of parallel projections. Perception and Psychophysics, 1993, 54, 665-674.

Kennedy, J.M., Green, C.D. and Vervaeke, J. (1993). Metaphoric thought and devices in pictures. Metaphor and Symbolic Activity, 8, 243-255.

Kennedy, J.M. and Kennedy, V.R. (1993). Issue editors: Metaphor and Pictures. Metaphor and Symbolic Activity, 8, #3.

Kennedy, J.M. and Vervaeke, J. (1993). Metaphor and knowledge attained via the body. Philosophical Psychology, 6, 407-412.

Kennedy, J.M., Green, C.D., Nicholls, A. and Liu, C.H. (1992). Illusions and knowing what is real. Ecological Psychology, 4, 153-172.

Nicholls, A. and Kennedy, J.M. (1992). Drawing development: from similarity of features to direction. Child Development, 63, 227-241.

Kennedy, J.M. (1990). Metaphor: Its intellectual basis. Metaphor and Symbolic Activity, 5, 115-123.

Heller, M. A. and Kennedy, J.M. (1990). Perspective taking, pictures, and the blind Perception and Psychophysics, 48, 459-466.

Kennedy, J.M. and Portal A. (1990) Illusions: Can change of vantage point and invariant impressions remove deception? Ecological Psychology, 2, 37-53.

Kennedy, J.M. (1989). Universals of depiction, illusion as non-pictorial and limits to depiction. Behavioral & Brain Sciences, 12, 88-90.

Kennedy, J.M. (1988). Line endings and subjective contours Spatial Vision, 3, 151-158.

Kennedy. J. M. and Domander R. (1986). Blind people depicting states and events in metaphoric line drawings. Metaphor & Symbolic Activity, 1986, 1, 109-126.

Kennedy, J.M. and Domander R. (1986). Postures of twig figures: Reactions by the blind and the sighted. International Journal of Rehabilitation Research, 9, 63-66.

Kennedy, J.M. (1985). Its all done with mirrors: Proof of non-existence Perception, 14, 513-514.

Kennedy, J.M. and Domander R. (1985). Shape and contour: the points of maximum change are least useful for recognition. Perception, 14, 367-370.

Kennedy, J.M. (1985). Arnheim, Gestalt theory and pictures Visual Arts Research, 11, 23-44.

Kennedy, J.M. and Campbell. (1985). Convergence principle in blind people's pointing. International Journal of Rehabilitation Research, 8, 189-210.

Kennedy, J.M. and Gabias P. (1985). Metaphoric devices in drawings of motion mean the same to the blind and the sighted. Perception, 14, 189-195.

Kennedy, J.M. (1984). Gombrich and Winner: Schema theories of perception in aesthetics Visual Arts Research, 10, 30-36.

Kennedy, J.M (1984). Drawings by the blind: Sighted children and adults judge their sequence of development Visual Arts Research, 10, 1-6.

Kennedy, J.M. and Domander, R. (1984). Pictorial foreground-background reversal reduces tactual recognition by the blind Journal of Visual Impairment and Blindness , May, 78, 215-216.

Kennedy, J.M. (1983). What can we learn about pictures from the blind? American Scientist, 71, 19-26.

Kennedy, J.M. and Simpson W. (1982). For each kind of figure of speech there is a pictorial metaphor: A figure of depiction. Visual Arts Research, 16, 1-11.

Kennedy, J.M. (1982). Metaphor in pictures, Perception, 11, 589-605.

Kennedy, J.M. (1982). Depiction and its psychology Journal of Biocommunication, 9, 9-17.

Kennedy, J.M. (1981). Illusory brightness and the ends of petals: Change in brightness without aid of stratification or assimilation effects. Perception, 10, 583-585.

Kennedy, J.M. and Magee L.E. (1981). Can passive tactile perception be better than active? Nature, 292, 90.

Kennedy, J.M. (1980). Structuralism and experimental aesthetics: Bridging some gaps Motivation and Emotion, 4, 123-131.

Kennedy, J.M. (1980). A commentary on Rudolf Arnheim's approach to art and visual perception Leonardo, 13, 117-122.

Magee L.E. and Kennedy, J.M. (1980). Exploring pictures tactually. Nature, 283, 287-288.

Kennedy, J.M. (1978). Illusory contours and the ends of lines, Perception, 7, 605-607.

Kennedy, J.M. and Ware C. (1978) Perception of subjective lines, surfaces and volumes in 3-dimensional constructions (with C. Ware) Leonardo, 1978, 11, 111-114.

Kennedy, J.M. and Ware C. (1978). Illusory contours can arise in dot figures. Perception, 7, 191-194.

Kennedy, J.M. (1978). Illusory contours not due to completion Perception, 11, 187-189.

Kennedy, J.M. (1977). Natural reversing figures: Interleaving Stars of David. Perception, 6, 231-232.

Kennedy, J.M. (1977). African peoples abilities with outline drawings, Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism, 35, 293-300.

Kennedy, J.M. and Ware. C. Illusory line linking solid rods. Perception, 1977, 6, 601-602.

Kennedy, J.M. (1976). Sun figure: an illusory diffuse contour resulting from an arrangement of dots. Perception, 5, 479-48l.

Kennedy, J.M. (1976). A figure density hypothesis and illusory contour brightness. Perception, 5, 387-392.

Kennedy, J.M. (1976). Comments on Deregowski's analysis of seeing a picture for the first time. Leonardo, 9, 219-221.

Kennedy, J.M. and Ross A. (1975). Outline picture perception by the Songe of Papua. Perception, 4, 39l-406.

Masterton, B.and Kennedy, J.M. (1975). Building the devil's tuning fork. Perception, 4, 107-109.

Kennedy, J.M. (1975). Mental pictures (Letter). Perception, 4, 120.

Kennedy, J.M. and Chattaway, L.D. (1975). Subjective contours, binocular and movement phenomena. Italian Journal of Psychology, 2, 353-367.

Kennedy, J.M. (1975). Depth at an edge, coplanarity, slant depth, change in direction and change in brightness in the production of subjective contours. Italian Journal of Psychology, 2, 107-123.

Kennedy, J.M. and Silver, J. (1974). The surrogate functions of lines in visual perception: Evidence from antipodal rock and cave art sources. Perception, 3, 313-322.

Kennedy, J.M. (1974). Is gradual recognition of pictures by Ethiopian subjects a differentiation process or a pattern construction process? Perception, 3, 29-3l.

Kennedy, J.M. (1973). Misunderstandings of figure and ground. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 14, 207-209.

Kennedy, J.M. (1972). Perceived lines are not always the sums of their contours. Journal of Structural Learning, 3, 7-10.

Kennedy, J.M., Mueller, E.and Tanimoto S. (1972). Visual structure and inherent motivation. Journal of Structural Learning, 3, 1-6.

Kennedy, J.M. (1971). Information and features in incomplete pictures. Journal of Structural Learning, 2, 73-75.

Kennedy, J.M. (1969). Prismatic adaptation and the remembered location of targets. Perception and Psychophysics, 5, 218-220.

Publications — non-refereed

Kennedy, J. M. (2008) “Ron Eady: Contemporary Canadian Painter.” Introduction to the Ron Eady Catalogue, Craig Scott Gallery, Toronto (pp 1-4).

Kennedy, J. M. and Juricevic, I. (in press) Esref Armagan and perspective in tactile pictures. In N Levent and E. Axel. (Eds). Multimodal Approaches to Art. Cambridge Press, Cambridge. 

Kennedy, J. M. and Igor Juricevic, I.  (2008) Drawings from a blind adult: Orthogonals, parallels and convergence in two directions without T-junctions. In A. Vintner and C. Lange-Kuettner (Eds.), Drawing and the Non-Verbal Mind. A Life-Span Perspective.Cambridge University Press. Pp. 317-335.

Kennedy, J. M. (2008) Metaphor in art. In R. W. Gibbs (Ed.) Metaphor and Thought (3rd Edition). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Pp. 447-461

Kennedy, J. M. (2007) Esref’s importance to art, science and education. In P. Cakmak (Ed.) Catalogue of Esref Armagan paintings. Zirve Organization, Ankara. (In English and Turkish: Translated by J. Eroncel.) (pp. 3-5)

Juricevic, I. and Kennedy, J. M. (2006) Perspective. Semiotics Encyclopedia Online. 

Kennedy, J. M. & Juricevic, I. (2006) Form, projection and pictures for the blind. In Heller, M. A.  and Ballesteros, S. (Eds). Touch and blindness: Psychology and Neuroscience. Erlbaum Press, Mahwah, N.J..(pp. 73-93).

Juricevic, I. & Kennedy, J. M. (2005) Perspective picture perception: A test of the ART theory. In Studies in Perception and Action, VIII (H. Heft & K. L. Marsh, Eds). Erlbaum Press, Mahwah, N.J.. (pp. 245-248).

Juricevic, I. & Kennedy, J. M. (2005) Object constancy: object orientation affects relative depth in perspective pictures? In Studies in Perception and Action, VIII (H. Heft & K. L. Marsh, Eds). Erlbaum Press, Mahwah, N.J.. (pp. 248-253).

Kennedy, J. M. and Chiappe, D. (2005) Metaphors in movies. In J. Anderson  and B. Anderson (Eds.) Moving Image Theory: Ecological Considerations Southern Illinois University Press: Carbondale, Ill. (pp. 228-242).

Kennedy, J. M. (2004) Sense and equivalence in children’s art: Review of C. Golomb Child Art in Context APA 2002 Contemporary Psychology, 49,755-756

Kennedy, J. M. (2004) The blind draw surface edges from their own tactual vantage point. In Zoniou-Sideri, A. and Spandagou, I. (eds) Education and blindness: Current trends and perspectives. Ellenika Grammata: Athens, pp 65-76 [in Greek]. Translation by A. Hatzistenfanou.

Kennedy, J. M. and Juricevic, I. (2004) Form, projection and pictures for the blind. In Ballesteros, S. and Heller, M. A. (Eds). Touch, blindness and neuroscience. Universidad Nacional de Educacion a Distancia Press, Madrid. (pp. 29-31).

Kennedy, J. M. (2004) The blind draw right on the edge In C. Leahey (Ed.) Catalogue for exhibition of art by the visually impaired: The View From Here: Visual Art by Artists who are Visually Impaired and Blind Los Angeles.

Juricevic, I. and Kennedy, J. M. (2003) Perspective band theory and panoramas. In Studies in Perception and Action, VII (S. Rogers and J. Effken Eds.) Erlbaum Press, Mahwah, N.J.

Kennedy, J. M. and Juricevic, I. (2003) Similar triangles and perspective viewing from afar. In Studies in Perception and Action, VII (S. Rogers and J. Effken Eds.) Erlbaum Press, Mahwah, N.J.

Kennedy. J. M., Juricevic, I. and Bai, J. (2003) Line and borders of surfaces: grouping and foreshortening. In Reconceiving pictorial space. (Hecht, H., Ed.) MIT Press: Cambridge, MA.

Kennedy, J.M. (2003) What motivates a person who is blind to draw? In E. Axel and N. Levent (Eds.) Art beyond sight: A resource guide to art,creativity and visual impairment. Art Education for the Blind & AFB Press, New York (74-83)

Kennedy, J. M. (2003) Prologue. In E. Axel and N. Levent (Eds.) Art beyond sight: A resource guide to art,creativity and visual impairment. Art Education for the Blind & AFB Press, New York. (p. 23)

Kennedy, J. M., Liu, C. H., Challis, B. H. and Kennedy, V. (2003). Form symbolism across languages: Danish, Slovene and Japanese In C. Zelinsky (Ed.) Text Transfer: Metaphors, Translation and Expert-Lay Communication. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter (pp 229-247).

Kennedy, J. M. (2002) Picture this. New Yorker,October 28, p. 12 (letter).

Kennedy, J.M. (2002). Touch and the observer’s vantage point. In L. Albertazzi (Ed.) Unfolding perceptual continua Philadelphia: John Benjamins. (Pp. 181-204)

Juricevic, I. and Kennedy, J. M. (2001) Judging visual angles: Deviations towards metric size judgments. In Studies in Perception and Action , VI (Burton, G. A. and Schmidt, R. C. Eds.) Erlbaum Press, Mahwah, N.J. (53-56).

Kennedy, J.M. (2001). Smart geometry! In T. Parks (Ed.) Looking at looking. Sage, London (31-50)

Kennedy, J.M. (2001). A further look: tactics for detecting illusions In T. Parks (Ed.) Looking at looking. Sage, London (107—102)

Kennedy, J.M. (2000) Recognizing outline pictures via touch: Alignment theory. In M.A. Heller (Ed.) Touch, representation and blindness, Oxford (p.67-98).

Kennedy, J.M. and Oddson, B. (1999) Flow fields and curvature: Confusion about the path ahead. In M.A.Grealy and J.A.Thomson (Eds.), Studies in Perception and Action V. Erlbaum, Mahwah, N.J.

Kennedy, J.M. and Juricevic, I. (1999) Angular subtense and binocular vision: Worst than worst. In M.A.Grealy and J.A.Thomson (Eds.), Studies in Perception and Action V. Erlbaum, Mahwah, N.J.

Kennedy, J.M. (1998) Perception: Consistency and contradiction in the service of realism. Art Bulletin of the National Museum Stockholm, 5, 94-101.

Kennedy, J. M. (1998) Affordance (p.18—19), Gibson, James J. (p.256—257), Haptics (p. 281—283), Picture Perception (p. 486—489), Vision (p. 631—635): In P. Bouissac (Ed.) Encylopedia of Semiotics. Oxford University Press, Oxford.

Kennedy, J.M. (1997). Open and closed aspects of depiction: Outline, perspective and rhetoric. Degres, 89-90, 1-20.

Schmuckler, M. and Kennedy, J.M. Eds. (1997) Studies in Perception and Action IV, Erlbaum, Mahwah N.J.

Kennedy, J.M. and Green, C.D. (1997) Inference and pattern in perception theory. In

Schmuckler, M. and Kennedy, J.M. (Eds.) Studies in Perception and Action IV, Erlbaum, Mahwah, N.J.

Kumazawa, I., Kennedy, J.M. and Suzuki, K. (1997) Blur selectively affects the bases for alignment: Position and orientation. In Schmuckler, M. and Kennedy, J.M. (Eds.). Studies in Perception and Action IV, Erlbaum, Mahwah, N.J.

Schmuckler, M. and Kennedy, J.M. (1997) Preface. In Schmuckler, M. and Kennedy, J.M. (Eds.). Studies in Perception and Action IV, Erlbaum, Mahwah, N.J.

Nicholls, A. and Kennedy, J. M. (1997) Subtense, convergence and foreshortening: Effects on middle obliques of cubes. (Abstract). Proceedings of the 9^th International conference on Perception and Action, July 20-25, Toronto. (p.113)

Eriksson, Y., Strucel, M. and Kennedy, J.M. (1997) From object to tactile picture (Fraan foeremaal til taktilbild. SIH, Lycksele, Sweden.

Kennedy, J.M. (1997). How the blind draw. Scientific American, 276, 76-81. [Kennedy, J. M. (1997). Comment les aveugles dessinent. Pour la Science. Vol 233, 76-81.]

Kennedy, J.M. (1997) Editorial Metaphor and Symbol, 12, 1-2.

Kennedy, J.M. (1996). Metaphor in tactile pictures for the blind: Using metonymy to evoke classification. In A. Katz and J. Mio (Eds.) Metaphor: Applications and Implications, L. Erlbaum. Mahwah, New Jersey (pp. 215-229).

Liu, C.H. and Kennedy, J.M. (1996). Form and its symbolic meaning. In R. Woodfield (Ed.). Gombrich on Art and Psychology , Manchester: Manchester University Press.

Kennedy, J.M. (1996). Review of M.V. Cox (1993) Children's drawings of the human figure: American Journal of Psychology, 109, 150-157.

Kennedy, J.M., D’Anguilli, D. and Stewart, A. (1995). Passive exploration of tactile pictures is especially effective for children and Optacon users. In J. Ronnberg and E. Hjelmquist Communicative disability: Compensation and development, University of Linkoping Press.

Kennedy, J.M. (1995). Picture perception. In T.A. Sebeok & J. Umiker-Sebeok (Eds.) Advances in Visual Semiotics: Approaches to Semiotics, 118. Mouton de Gruyter, 185-215.

Kennedy, J.M., Nicholls, A. And Desrochers M. (1995). From line to outline. In C. Lange-Küttner and G.V. Thomas Drawing and Looking, Hemel Hempstead: Simon and Schuster, 62-74.

Kennedy, J.M. and Liu, C.H. (1993). Symbolic forms and cognition. Psyke og Logos, Vol. 14, 441-456.

Kennedy, J.M., Pierantoni, R. And Maclaren, R.I. (1994). Flaps in horizontal and vertical wind forces. In Life World — Sign World, Festschrift for M. Krampen (Eds. C. Dreyer, H. Espe, H. Kalkofen, I. Lempp, P. Pellegrino, R. Posner). Jansen Verlag, Lüneberg, Germany, 557-577.

Kennedy, J.M. (1993). Pictures to touch, Yale Press, New Haven.

Kennedy, J.M., Gabias, P. And Heller, M.A. (1992). Space, haptics and the blind Geoforum, 23, 175-189.

Kennedy, J.M. and Nicholls, A. (1991). Perception of polar and parallel projections of cubes. In P.J. Beek, R.J. Bootsma and P.C.W. van Wieringen (Eds.) Studies in Perception and Action, Rodopi, Amsterdam, 1991, 17-20.

Kennedy, J.M. (1991). Illusions and knowing what is real. In P.J. Beek, R.J. Bootsma and P.C.W. van Wieringen (Eds.) Studies in Perception and Action, Rodopi, Amsterdam, 31-33.

Kennedy, J.M. (1991). Analogies and confluence. Semiotic Review of Books, 2.2, 1-2.

Kennedy, J.M. (1991). Flaps in wind forces: decomposition not influencing judgements. Proceedings of the 88th Annual meeting of the North Carolina Academy of Science, Greensboro, North Carolina. Journal of the Elisha Mitchell Scientific Society, 107, 164.

Kennedy, J.M., Gabias, P. And Nicholls, A. (1991).Tactile pictures. In M. Heller and W. Schiff (Eds.) Touch perception L. Erlbaum, 1991, 263-298.

Kennedy, J.M., Gabias, P. And Pierantori (1990). Meaning, presence and absence in pictures. In K. Landwehr (Ed) , Ecological Perception Research, Visual Communication and Aesthetics, Springer-Verlag, New York, 1990, 43-56.

Kennedy, J.M. (1974). La percezione pittorica Cortina, Padova, 1988. (Italian translation by G.B. Vicario of A psychology of picture perception).

Kennedy, J.M. (1987). Lo, perception abhors not a contradiction. In S. Petry and G. E. Meyer (Eds.) The perception of illusory contours, Springer-Verlag, N.Y., 253-261.

Kennedy, J.M. (1985). Insights into Blindness Encyclopaedia Britannica Medical and Health Annual, 154-165.

Kennedy, J. M. (1985) A place for metaphor in creativity tests Metaphor Research Newsletter, 4, No. 2, 2-4.

Kennedy, J.M. (1985). Syllepse und katachrese in bildern. Zeitschrift fur Semiotik (German translation by M. Krampen). 7, 47-62.

Kennedy, J.M. (1984). Metaphor and Therapy Metaphor Research Newsletter, 4, No. 1, 3-7.

Kennedy, J.M. (1984). How minds use pictures Social Research, 51, 885-904.

Kennedy, J.M. (1984). Psychology and the Arts Ed. D. O'Hare. Review. Journal of Aesthetic Education, Summer,18, 110-113.

Kennedy, J.M. (1984). Vision and Metaphors: Empirical Investigations (Reprints of "Metaphor in pictures" and "Syllepsis, catechresis and pictures"). In Semiotic Circle Monographs Ed. P. Perron, Nov. 4, University of Toronto.

Kennedy, J.M. (1984). The ecological basis of reversibility International Society for Ecological Psychology Newsletter,1, 6-7.

Kennedy, J.M. (1984). Development of drawing in the blind: Principles in sequence and examples of drawings Aids & Appliances Review, 14, 12-15.

Kennedy, J.M. (1983). Meaning-based theory of depiction. Art Education, 36, 12-14.

Kennedy, J.M. (1982). Haptic pictures. In W. Schiff and E. Foulke (Eds). A source book on tactual perception. Cambridge University Press.

Kennedy,J.M. (1980). Depiction considered as a representational system. In J. Fisher (Ed.) Perceiving Artworks, Philosophical Monographs, Series 3, Temple University Press, Philadelphia, Pa.

Kennedy, J.M., Richardson and Magee, L.E. (1980). Blind people recognizing and making depictions. In M. Hagen (Ed.) The perception of pictures. Academic Press, N.Y., Vol. 2, 263-303. Including Appendix: The nature of haptics (with B. Richardson and L.E. Magee).

Kennedy, J.M. and Heywood, M. (1980). I see what I feel New Scientist, 85, 386-389. (Reprinted The New Beacon, 64, 85-90).

Kennedy, J.M. (1979). Subjective contours, contrast, and assimilation. In D.F. Fisher and C.F. Nodine (Eds.), Perception and Pictorial Representation. Praeger, N.Y.

Roy, E.A., Kennedy, J.M., Magee, L. and Diewert, G. (1978). Active movement and memory in the receptor and effector functions of the hand. In D.M. Landers and R.W. Christina (Eds.) Psychology of Motor Behavior and Sport. Illinois: Human Kinetics Publishers.

Kennedy, J.M. (1978). Identification in different media. In The Arts and Basic Skills, S. Madeja (Ed.), Cemrel, St. Louis.

Kennedy, J.M., Klein, D. and Magee, L. (1978). Prosthetics of perceptual systems. In E. C. Carterette and M. P. Friedman (Eds.), Handbook of Perception, 10, New York: Academic Press.

Kennedy, J.M. (1978). Haptics, In E. C. Carterette and M. P. Friedman (Eds.), Handbook of Perception, 8, New York: Academic Press.

Kennedy, J.M. and Fox N. (1977). Pictures to see and pictures to touch. In The Arts and Cognition, D. Perkins and B. Leondar (eds.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins, 1977.

Kennedy, J.M. (1976). Attention, brightness and the constructive eye. Vision and Artifact, M. Henle (Ed.), N.Y.: Springer (pp. 36-38).

Kennedy, J.M. (1975). Drawing was discovered, not invented. New Scientist, 67, (No. 965), 523-525.

Kennedy, J.M. (1974). Perception, pictures and the et cetera principle. Perception: Essays in honor of J.J. Gibson, R.B. MacLeod and H. Pick, (Eds.). Ithaca: Cornell University Press, (pp. 209-226).

Kennedy, J.M. (1974). A Psychology of Picture Perception. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Kennedy, J.M. (1974). Icons and information. In Media and Symbols. National Society for the Study of Education Yearbook, D. Olson (Ed.). Chicago: (pp. 211-240).

Kennedy, J.M. (1974). Perception Unit. In Elements of Psychology, R. Crutchfield, D. Krech, N. Livson and W.A. Wilson. New York: Knopf (pp. 231-316).

1. Sensory experience

2. Perceptual organization

3. Perceiving the world

Papers

D'Angiulli, A. and Kennedy, J.M.  (2008). [Abstract] Drawings by blind people who had sight for an extended period. International Journal of Psychology, 43 (3/4) June/August, 715. Presented at the 29th International Congress of Psychology, Berlin, July 20-25 in the invited symposium “Perception, action and graphic representation.” 

Kennedy, J. M. (2008) Theory of outline and perspective in pictures by the sighted and the blind (Esref, Eriko, Gaia and Ben). Conference on pictures and imagination in psychology and philosophy, Gargnano, Italy, June 18-20

Bhasin, S. & Kennedy, J. M. (2008) Emotional expression happier for higher features on a face profile.  Southern Ontario Neuroscience Meeting, London, Ontario, May 9

Hammad, S. & Kennedy, J. M. (2008) Do tecture gradients add to the misperception of 2_d figures? Southern Ontario Neuroscience Meeting, London, Ontario, May 9

Wnuczko, M.  & Kennedy, J. M. (2008) Pointing to nearby targets is lower with a tactile vantage point than with vision and (2) underestimates foreshortening. Southern Ontario Neuroscience Meeting, London, Ontario, May 9

Roncero, T., Kennedy, J. M., Smyth, R. and de Almedia, R. (2007) Comparing the online interpretation processes of metaphors and similes. Psychonomics Society meeting, Nov 15-18, Long Beach, CA.

Juricevic, I. and Kennedy, J. M. (2007) ART-E theory: Perceived depth and width is a function of visual angle ratio and elevation. Psychonomics Society meeting, Nov 15-18, Long Beach, CA.

Kennedy, J. M. (2007) Metaphoric pictures drawn by a blind woman on her own initiative. Art beyond sight conference, Metropolitan Museum of Art/Museum of Modern Art, NY. Sept 28-30, 2007. Tactile Research Group meeting (Psychonomics), Thurs, Nov 15th, Long Beach, CA

Juricevic, I., Kennedy, J. M. and Patel, R. (2007) ART-Elevation and visual angle ratio in monocular vision. Optical Society of America Fall Vision meeting, Sept 16-20, Berkeley (Nov 23, Journal of Vision abstracts).

Roncero, C., Smyth, R., Kennedy, J. M., & de Almeida, R. (2007). Online processing differences between metaphors and similes. Presented at the 13th Annual Conference on Architectures and Mechanisms for Language Processing, August 24-27, Turku, Finland.

Hammad, S., Kennedy, J. M., Juricevic, I. and Rajani, S. (2007) Ellipses on a picture surfaceInternational conference on Cortical mechanisms of vision, Centre for Vision Research, York University, North York, CA, June 19—23.

Juricevic, I., Rajani, S., Hammad, S. & Kennedy, J. M. (2007) Projection biases perceived angles on a picture surface. International conference on Cortical mechanisms of vision, Centre for Vision Research, York University, North York, CA, June 19—23.

Roncero, C., Kennedy, J. M., Smyth, R., & de Almeida, R. (2007). Is aptness more important than frequency as a predictor of metaphor preference? Presented at the Symposium on Language and Memory, April 12-14, Winnipeg, Canada.

Eardley, A.F., Michon, P-E, Edwards, G. and Kennedy, J. M. (2006) Do mental maps have to be seen? Evidence from the blind and sighted. Psychonomics Society meeting, Nov 16-19, Houston.

Juricevic, I., & Kennedy, J. M. (2006). Pictures and the Italian Renaissance. Invited address presented at the American Psychological Association Annual Convention, August 10-13, New Orleans, LA.

Kennedy, J. M. & Juricevic, I. (2006) Perception and illusion: Propaganda vs. a defense of realism. International Summer School on “War: Fact and Fiction,” University of Maribor, Slovenia, June 26th-July 7th. 

Kennedy, J. M. & Juricevic, I. (2006) Perception’s perspective discovered twice? First the sighted Brunelleschi in the 1400s and second the blind Esref in the 2000s? 74th Annual Meeting of Association Francophone pour le Savoir, May 15, Montreal.
Kennedy, J.M. & Juricevic, I. (2006) Perspective discovered twice? The sighted Brunelleschi in the Renaissance and the blind Esref in 2006. Il quinto senso: Percezioni sensoriale tra arte e visione conference (The 5th sense: Sensorial perceptions, between art and vision), February 18, Milan

Heller, M.A., Kennedy, J.M., McCarthy, M. R., Clark, A., Kaffel, N. &Riddle, T. (2005) Viewpoint and orientation influence picture recognition in the blind. Paper presented at the Psychonomic Society meeting, Nov 10-13, Toronto.

Juricevic, I. & Kennedy, J. M. (2005) ART theory accounts for perceived changes in perspective pictures. Paper presented at the Psychonomic Society meeting, Nov 10-13, Toronto.

Kennedy, J.M. & Juricevic, I. (2005) Esref Armagan and perspective in tactile pictures. Art beyond Sight: Multimodal Approaches to Learning conference, Metropolitan Museum of Art/Museum of Modern Art, NY. October 14 -15, 2005.

Kennedy, J. M. (2005) Arnheim & force, Gombrich & schema, Gibson & information, Goodman & symbol: last century. Symposium in honour of Arnheim at 100. American Psychological Association meeting, Washington DC, August 18-21.

Juricevic, I. and Kennedy, J. M. (2005) Perspective picture perception and the ART theory. International Conference on Perception and Action 13.Monterey, CA, July 5-10.

Juricevic, I. and Kennedy, J. M. (2005) Pictures and perspective constancy: A single function characterizes all major theories. International Conference on Computational Vision in Neural and Machine Systems, Centre for Vision Research, York University, North York, CA, June 15—18.

Kennedy, J. M. and Bai, J. (2004) Border elements deter shape-from-shadow via negative polarity, not motion, not color. Paper presented at the Psychonomic Society meeting, Nov 18-21, Minneapolis.

Bai, J. and Kennedy, J. M. (2004) Shape-from-shadow Mooney figure with line border: All its possibilities. Southern Ontario Neuroscience Association conference,Brock University, St. Catherines, May 4th.

Kennedy, J. M. (2004) The blind draw surface edges from their own tactual vantage point (invited address). International conference on Education and Blindness: Current trends and perspectives, Athens, Greece, 6—8 February.

Juricevic, I. and Kennedy, J. M. (2003) Foreshortening and forelengthening: Underestimated much more than perspective predicts. Paper presented at the Psychonomic Society meeting, Nov.6-9, Vancouver.

Kennedy, J. M., Chiappe, D. and Cowley, M. (2003) Metaphors more apt than similes! Conventionality plays minor role? Paper presented at the Psychonomic Society meeting, Nov.6-9, Vancouver.

Kennedy, J.M. (2003) Theory of drawings by the blind. Tactile Research Group meeting, Psychonomics Society, Nov 6, Vancouver

Kennedy, J. M. (2003) How the blind draw (invited address). Conference on the profoundly visually handicapped creating 3-D forms, Madrid. January 16-18.

Kennedy, J. M. (2002) Drawings by Tm, a totally blind woman: Individual and grouped objects. Paper presented at the Psychonomic Society meeting, Nov. 21-24, Kansas City.

Kennedy, J.M and Juricevic, I. (2002) Foreshortening and "forelengthening:" Overestimated and underestimated. Paper presented at the Psychonomic Society meeting, Nov. 21- 24, Kansas City.

Kennedy, J. M and Juricevic, I (2002) Form, projection and pictures for the blind (invited

address). Conference on Touch and Neuroscience, Madrid, October 16-18.

Kennedy J. M. and Juricevic (2002) Optics and haptics: The picture. Paper presented at the conference on Multimodality of Human Communication: Theory, Problems and Applications.University of Toronto, May 3-5.

( Full text on website:

http://www.semioticon.com/virtuals/multimodality2/talks/kennedy_juricevic.htm).

Chiappe, D. and Kennedy, J. M. (2001) Metaphor or simile: apt or conventional? And what changes? Paper presented at the Psychonomic Society meeting, Nov. 15-18, Orlando

Kennedy, J. M. (2001) Parallel projection in drawings from Gaia, a blind girl. Paper presented at the Psychonomic Society meeting, Nov. 15-18, Orlando

Kennedy, J. M. (2001) Projection systems in drawings by the blind. Tactile Research G roup meeting, Psychonomics Society, Nov 14, Orlando.

Kennedy, J. M. (2001) Smart pictures: Invisible ties in vision and touch. Arnheim Award invited address. American Psychological Association conference, August, 24-28, San Francisco.

Juricevic, I. and Kennedy, J. M. (2001) Judging visual angles: Deviations towards metric size judgments. Conference on Perception and Action 11. University of Connecticut, Storrs, Ct., June 24-29.

Kennedy, J. M. and Todorovic, D. (2001) Cognitive variables have no effect on gradient-induced lightness illusions. American Psychological Society conference, June 14-17, Toronto

Bai, J. and Kennedy, J. M. (2001) Shape-from-shadow and binocular vision American Psychological Society conference, June 14-17, Toronto.

Juricevic, I, and Kennedy, J. M. (2001) Visual angle judgments: nonadditivity. Conference on Levels of Perception, York University, North York, CA, June 19–22.

Kennedy, J.M. and Bai, J. (2000) Tactile picture recognition: judgments of fit correlate across groups, produce high confidence. Tactile Research G roup meeting, Psychonomics Society, Nov 16, New Orleans.

Chiappe, D. and Kennedy, J. M. (2000) Literal bases for metaphor and simile: Category and similarity claims. Paper presented at the Psychonomic Society meeting, Nov. 17-20, New Orleans.

Kennedy, J.M. (2000) Drawings by blind people with experience in drawing. International conference on art and the blind, Oct 30-31, Bologna

Kennedy, J.M. (2000) Why do blind childen enjoy art? Annual meeting of the Trustees of the American Printing House for the Blind, Oct 13–15, Louisville, Kentucky

Kennedy, J.M, Liu, C.H., Challis, B. and Kennedy, V. (2000) Symbolic form: Danish, Japanese and Slovene. International Society for the empirical study of literature meeting July 31-Aug 4, Toronto.

Kennedy, J.M. and Bai, J. (1999) Judgement of fit predicts identification of tactile pictures, recognition memory. Paper presented at the Psychonomic Society meeting, Nov. 18-21, Los Angeles

Cabe, P.A., Abele, P.N. and Kennedy, J.M.(1999) Dominance of binocular depth information over competing kinetic occlusion information. Paper presented at the Psychonomic Society meeting, Nov. 18-21, Los Angeles

Kennedy, J.M.(1999) Haptics and pictures: Past, present and future. Paper presented at the International Conference on Perception and Action, 10, Edinburgh, August 8-13.

Jurivecic, I. and Kennedy, J.M. (1999) Attending to the relations between visual angles: errors for both eyes are attracted by metric-size ratios as angular separation of targets increases. Conference on Vision and Attention, York University, Canada, June 22nd–26^th.

Kennedy, J.M. and Bai, J. (1999) Cavanagh and Leclerc shape-from-shadow pictures: do line versions fail because of the polarity of the regions or of the coastline? Conference on Vision and Attention, York University, Canada, June 22nd—26th.

Kennedy, J.M. and Chiappe, D.L. (1998) Are metaphors elliptical similes? Paper presented at the meeting of the Psychonomic Society, Dallas, Texas, November 19—22.

Kennedy, J.M. (1998) Esref's wheels and depictions of motion in static pictures. Paper presented at the Tactile Research Group meeting,Dallas, Texas, November 18th.

Kennedy, J.M. (1998) Tactile pictures: what enables recognition, recall and good errors? Second Swedish symposium on Multimodal Communication, Lund, October 16—17.

Kennedy, J.M. (1998). Perception: Consistency and contradiction in the service of realism. Invited address to the Learning in Museums Symposium, National Museum, Stockholm, Sweden, June 11-12

Kennedy, J.M. (1998). Explaining the ability to recognize pictures via touch: Axis theory. Invited address to conference on Representation and Blindness, San Marino, May 22-23.

Kennedy, J.M. (1997). When is a metaphor stronger than a simile? Conference on Cognitive Theories of Intertextuality, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Dec. 30-31.

Kennedy, J.M. (1997) What makes a metaphor stronger than a simile? Researching and Applying Metaphor II Conference. Copenhagen, May 29-31.

Kennedy, J.M. and D'Angiulli, A. (1997) Children exploring passively recognize as many tactile pictures as adults. Society for Research in Child Development meeting, Washington, D.C., April 3-6.

Kennedy, J.M. and Eriksson, Y. (1997) Blind children recognizing pictures and making drawings: Origins of pictorial abilities. College Art Association 85th Annual Meeting, February 12-15, New York.

Steven L. Funk, John M. Kennedy, and Itsuo Kumazawa (1997) Features of Figure-Ground Separation: Contours, Axes, Corners, and Junctions. Paper presented at the '2nd International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience (ICCIN2)', part of the 'Joint Conference of Information Science (JCIS'97)', Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA, March 1 - 5.

Kennedy, J.M. (1996) Theory of tactile pictures for the blind. Conference on Pictures for the Disabled, Stockholm, December 4th.

Kennedy, J.M. and Chiappe, D. (1996) Metaphors involve more features than similes. Psychonomics Society, Nov. 1-3, Chicago

Steven L. Funk, Itsuo Kumazawa and John M. Kennedy (1996) The Role of Non-Linear Receptive Fields in Shift-Invariant Feature Extraction. Poster Presented at the 'Meeting on Image Recognition and Understanding 96 (MIRU 96)' Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Nara, Japan, July 17 - 19.

Miyoshi, H. and Kennedy, J.M. (1995) Combining illusions: A perfect additivity model fits imperfect-additivity results. Psychonomics Society meeting, Nov. 10-12, Los Angeles.

D'Anguilli, A., Kennedy, J.M. and Heller, M.A. (1995) Tactile picture recognition by blind and sighted children. Tactile Perception Research Group, Psychonomics Society meeting, Nov. 9, Los Angeles.

Kennedy, J.M. (1995). Where is the information in a picture or a symbol? Invited address, Division 10, American Psychological Association, August 11-15, New York.

Kennedy, J.M. (1995) Metaphor in pictures: Metonymy evokes classification American Psychological Association, August 11-15, New York.

Kennedy, J.M., Mirabella, G. and Navaratnam, A. (1995) Distal touch: Space, haptics and orientation. In Symposium on Haptic Information for Spatial Perception. International Conference on Perception and Action, July 9-14, Marseille.

Kennedy, J.M. and Funk, S. (1995) Outline perception: Three theories of axes. International Conference on Visual Coding, York University, June 20-24.

Kumazawa, I., Kennedy, J.M., Grinnell, P. (1995) Alignment: Two models tested with an apparent motion task. International Conference on Visual Coding, York University, June 20-24.

Kennedy, J.M. and Mirabella, G. (1994). Haptic objects participate in 3-D spatial transformations (with G. Mirabella) Tactile research group, Psychonomics Society meeting, St. Louis, MO, November 10.

Kennedy, J.M., Liu, C.H.. and Miyoshi, H. (1994). Accretion/Deletion: Shafts of illumination through dusty air, Psychonomics Society meeting, St. Louis, MO; November 11-13.

Kennedy, J.M. (1994). Figure-ground, information and symbolism. Basic Problems in Visual Communication Conference, Copenhagen University, September 30 - October 2.

Vervaeke, J. and Kennedy, J.M. (1994). Metaphors in language and thought: falsification and multiple meanings American Psychological Association meeting, August 12-15, Los Angeles.

Kennedy, V.R. and Kennedy, J.M. (1994). Symbolism can be extended by style. American Psychological Association meeting, L.A., August 12-15.

Nicholls, A. and Kennedy, J.M. (1994). Short middle obliques in drawings of cubes by children aged 6-10. International Association for Empirical Aesthetics meeting, Montreal, August 4-5.

Berntsen, D. and Kennedy, J.M. (1994). Contradiction conveys attitudes — in metaphor, irony, understatement and tautology. Conference on the Psychology of Literature, July 1-4, Budapest, Hungary.

Kennedy, J.M. (1994). Pictures, metaphors, analogies and symbols. Conference on Cognitive Linguistics and Semiotics, Aarhus University Institute for Semiotics, June 1-5.

Berntsen, D. and Kennedy, J.M. (1994). Contradiction conveys attitudes — Ditlevsen and alienation. Conference on Cognitive Linguistics and Semiotics, Aarhus University Institute for Semiotics, June 1-5.

Heller, M. A. and Kennedy, J.M. (1993). Production and interpretation of pictures of houses by blind people. Psychonomics Society meeting, Washington, D.C., November 5-7.

Kennedy, J.M. (1993). Theories of touch and theories of pictures. Presidential address, Division 10, Psychology and the Arts, American Psychological Association meeting, Toronto, August 20-24.

Kennedy, J.M. and Kennedy, V.R. (1993). Realism as a basis for reinterpretation in visual metaphor. Word and Image Conference, Ottawa, August 16-20.

Kennedy, J.M., Liu, C.H. and Reith, E. (1993). Are illusory effects additive? Or just affirmative? 7th International Conference on Event Perception and Action, University of British Columbia, August 8-13.

Kennedy, J.M. (1993). Illusions appearance and reality. 7th International Conference on Event Perception and Action, University of British Columbia, August 8-13.

Kennedy, J.M. and Eriksson, Y. (1993). Profiles and orientation of tactile pictures. European Society for Applied Psychology, Helsinki, July 3-6.

Kennedy, J.M. and Kulik, M. (1992). Accretion and deletion in illuminated, textured environments. International conference on flow fields and event perception. York University, June 11-12.

Vervaeke, J., Green, C.D. and Kennedy, J.M. (1993). Women, fire and dangerous theories: A critique of Lakoff's theory of categorization. Paper presented at the meeting of the Canadian Psychological Association, Montreal, 27-29 May.

Kennedy, J.M. (1993). Review of E.H. Spitz Image and insight, Columbia University Press, 1991. In Journal of Aesthetic Education.

Kennedy, J.M. and Nicholls, A. (1992). Perspective robustness and optical infinity (with A. Nicholls). Canadian Psychological Association Meeting, Quebec City, June 13-17.

Nicholls, A. and Kennedy, J.M. (1992). Foreshortening and the perception of parallel projections. Canadian Society for Brain and Behavioural Sciences meeting, Quebec City, June 11-12.

Kennedy, J. M. (1991). Review of G. Lakoff and M. Turner (1989) More than cool reason: a field guide to poetic metaphor, Chicago: University of Chicago Press. In Canadian Review of Comparative Literature, 18, 581-583.

Kennedy, J.M. , Green, C.D., Nicholls, A. and Liu, C.H. (1991). Illusions and knowing what is real. Conference on Event Perception and Action, Amsterdam, Aug. 25-30.

Nicholls, A. and Kennedy, J.M. (1990). Development of drawing: Adult's and children's drawings of cubes. Canadian Psychological Association meeting, Ottawa, May 31-June 3.

Kennedy, J.M., Pierantoni, R. and MacLaren, R.I. (1989). Flaps in horizontal and vertical wind forces Psychonomic Society conference, Atlanta, November 17-19.

Heller, M..A. and Kennedy, J.M. (1989). Perspective taking, pictures and the blind Psychonomic Society conference, Atlanta, November 17-19th.

Pierantoni, R., Kennedy, J. M. and Gabias P. (1989). Metaphor, rolling balls and static depiction 1st European Congress of Psychology, Amsterdam, July 2-7.

Kennedy, J.M. (1988). Review of M.J. Parsons How we understand art! A cognitive developmental account of aesthetic experience. Contemporary Psychology, 33, 1063-4, 1988. Kennedy, J.M. Review of M. Kubovy The Psychology of Perspective and Renaissance Art. Contemporary Psychology, 33, 336-7.

Kennedy, J.M. (1988). Outline and shape-from-shading. The little lines that can't. Psychonomic Society Conference, Chicago, November 10-12.

Kennedy, J.M. (1988). Octaves in touch. Pre-conference meeting on touch perception. Psychonomic Society, Chicago, November 9.

Kennedy, J.M. (1987). Review of R. Arnheim New essays on the Psychology of Art. Contemporary Psychology, 32, 952-4.

Kennedy, J.M. (1987). Outline, positives and negatives: which least shows objects in chiaroscuro? Psychonomic Society Conference, Seattle, November 6-8, 1987.

Kennedy, J.M. Pierantoni, R. and Gabias P. (1987). Metaphor, motion and static depiction. Pre-conference meeting on touch perception, Psychonomic Society, Seattle, November 5.

Kennedy, J.M. Drawings of cubes: which are preferred? Is symmetry important? Is convergence important? (with A. Nicholls) International Society for Ecological Psychology Conference, Hartford Ct., October 17, 1987.

Kennedy, J.M. (1987). A Gibsonian picture theory. Invited address. Symposium on ecological theory of perception and representation, Bonn, October 9-10.

Kennedy, J.M. , Pierantoni, R. And MacLaren, R.I. (1987). Supporting structures in horizontal and vertical wind forces. Fourth International Event Perception Conference, Trieste, August 24-27.

Kennedy, J.M. (1987). Designs mean things. Invited address to mark the 75th Anniversary of the Royal Ontario Museum, and the Exhibition "The Eye of the Beholder", April 12.

Kennedy, J.M. (1987). Metaphor in cockpit instrumental design. Klein Associates, Yellow Springs, Ohio, January 14, 1987.

Kennedy, J.M. and Portal, A. (1986). Dispelling illusions by changing the observer's vantage point Psychonomic Society Conference, New Orleans, November 13-15.

Pierantoni, R. and Kennedy, J.M. (1986). Flaps, arcs and spokes: Motion and force International Society for Ecological Psychology, Philadelphia, October, 1986.

Mills, R.S.L. and Kennedy, J.M. (1986). Radiological diagnosis and the development of perceptual expertise: What does contemporary research reveal? International Society for Ecological Psychology Conference, Chicago, May.

Simpson, W. A. and Kennedy, J.M. (1986). Pure rotations impair recovery of depth from optic flow International Society for Ecological Psychology Conference, Chicago, May.

Kennedy, J.M. and Portal, A. (1986). Illusions dispelled by viewing from glancing angles International Society for Ecological Psychology Conference, Chicago, May.

Gabias, P. and Kennedy, J.M. (1986). Graphic texture indicates hardness to the blind. Eastern Psychological Association Conference, New York, April

Kennedy, J.M. (1985). Epistemology of subjective contours, Adelphi University, November

Kennedy, J.M., Sette, G. and Whitby, R. (1985). Direct and indirect pictorial advertisements: Preference and memory effects. International Society for Ecological Psychology Conference, Hartford, October.

Mills, R.S.L. and Kennedy, J.M. (1985). Perception in the abyssal depths of the sea. International Society for Ecological Psychology Conference, Hartford, October.

Kennedy, J.M. (1984). Haptic pictures: How blind people judge their effectiveness & sophistication, American Psychological Association Conference, Toronto, August.

Kennedy, J.M. (1983). Drawings by the blind: A mentalist, meaning-based theory. International Conference on Psychology and the Arts: British Psychological Society, Cardiff, September.

Kennedy, J.M. (1983). Speed lines as metaphoric depictions. Second International Conference on Event Perception, Nashville, June.

Kennedy, J.M. and Domander, R. (1983). Motor empathy and the perception of facial expression. Canadian Psychological Association conference, Winnipeg, June.

Kennedy, J.M. and Domander R. (1982). Pictorial foreground-background reversal reduces tactual recognition by the blind. Psychonomics Society conference, Minneapolis, November.

Kennedy, J.M. and Domander, R. (1981). Blind people depicting wind, noise, and smell with devices including metaphors Psychonomic Society conference, November.

Kennedy, J.M. (1980). The images of the blind. American Psychological Association conference, Montreal, September.

Kennedy, J.M. (1980). The meaning-based theory of perception applied to visual puns. International Association of Empirical Aesthetics VIIth International Colloquium, Montreal, August.

Kennedy, J.M. (1980). Visible order: A review of E. Gombrich's "The sense of order". Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism , Summer, 453-457.

Kennedy, J.M. (1980). Limitations and implications of practical uses of pictorial communication with the blind. Ontario Psychological Association, Toronto, February.

Kennedy, J.M. (1979). Perspective principles and the blind. Psychonomic Society conference, Phoenix, Arizona, November.

Kennedy, J.M. and Ware C. (1978). The phenomenon of subjective contours (Cont.) Leonardo, 11, 348.

Kennedy, J.M. , Heywood, M.A. and Garboll, B. (1978). Pictorial representation of movement in blind and deaf subjects Psychonomic Science Conference, November.

Kennedy, J.M. (1980). Pictures and the blind (Symposium paper) American Psychological Association conference, August 1978. Reprinted Journal of the University Film Association, 32, 11-21.

Kennedy, J.M. and Ware, C. (1978). Attention, brightness contrast and brightness assimilation Canadian Psychological Association Conference, June.

Kennedy, J.M. (1977). Picture perception: Entry in The National Encyclopedia of Neurology, Psychiatry, Psychoanalysis and Psychology, B. Wolman (General Ed.) and I. Rock (Exp. Psych. Ed.). N.Y., pp. 403-406.

Kennedy, J.M. (1977). Review of Handbook of Perception, Vol. V: Seeing. E. C. Carterette and M. P. Friedman (Eds.). N.Y.: Academic Press, 1975, In Leonardo, 10, 335.

Kennedy, J.M. (1977). Benson's comments on picture perception as analyzed by J. M. Kennedy (Letter) Leonardo, 10, 87.

Kennedy, J.M. (1977). Response to Deregowski's reply (Letter), Leonardo, 10, 86-87.

Kennedy, J.M., Ware, C. And Magnan-Smith, J. (1977). Illusory contours are perceived by children and are judged to be unreal. Canadian Psychological Association Conference, Vancouver.

Kennedy, J.M. (1977). Subjective contours in three-dimensional objects. Psychonomic Science Conference, Washington.

Roy, E., Kennedy, J.M., Magee, L.E. and Diwert, G.L. (1977). Receptor and effector functions of the hand: Is efference necessary? National Association for Sports and Physical Activity Conference, Ithaca, N.Y., 1977.

Kennedy, J.M. and Campbell, J. (1976). Figure-ground coding of raised-line tactile displays. Canadian Psychological Association Conference, Toronto.

Kennedy, J.M. and Magee, L.E. (1976). Contact, kinaesthesis and guidance in recognition of haptic pictures. Canadian Psychological Association Conference, Toronto.

Kennedy, J.M. and Klein, D. (1976). Modalities and ways of processing haptically obtained information Canadian Psychological Association Conference, Toronto.

Kennedy, J.M. (1976). Discussion: Symposium on haptics. Canadian Psychological Association Conference, Toronto.

Kennedy, J.M. (1976). Studies on haptic pictures. Conference on picture perception, University of Minnesota.

Kennedy, J.M., Kambek, M. , Rovet, J. and Galligan, R. (1975). Six-to-eight year olds thinking about language problems involving metaphysical issues: Nullity, privileged experience and the relative status of message and messenger. Project Zero Conference, Harvard.

Kennedy, J.M. (1975). On the other hand: Reply to R. Yin. Contemporary Psychology, 20, 598-599 (Letter).

Kennedy, J.M. (1975). Pattern processing: A further rationalization of sight (Letter). Leonardo, 8, 182.

Kennedy, J.M. (1974). The stage beyond formal operations. Fifth Annual Conference on Structural Learning, University of Pennsylvania. Proceedings (ed., J. Scandura). Office of Naval Research, Springfield, Virginia (pp. 160-180).

Kennedy, J.M. Chattaway, L.D. and Chattaway, E. (1974). Restoration and selection processes in listening to sentences with phonemes deleted. Canadian Acoustical Association, Edmonton.

Kennedy, J.M. (1974). Recognition of haptic pictures by blind adolescents. Sixth Annual Conference on Visual Literacy, Toronto.

Kennedy, J.M. (1974). Speaking my mind: On the relationship between thought and language. Canadian Psychological Association Conference, Windsor.

Kennedy, J.M. (1974). Are pictures inherently more memorable than words? Institute on Psychology and Telecommunications, Canadian Psychological Association, Windsor.

Kennedy, J.M. (1974). Review of H. Gardner's The Arts and Human Development. In Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism, Fall, 1974, 23, 149-154.

Kennedy, J.M. (1973). The creatives are coming! Review of C. Gowan's "Development of the Creative Individual." Contemporary Psychology, 18, 285-286.

Kennedy, J.M. (1973). Review of J. H. Heaton's "The Eye: Phenomenology and psychology of function and disorder". In Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism, Fall.

Kennedy, J.M. and Kennedy, E. (1972). Translation of Rubin's Figure and Ground. Supported by Milton Fund (Harvard) and U.S. Navy Grant, Cornell, Private circulation.

Kennedy, J.M. and Fox, N. and O’Grady, K. (1972). Can "haptic pictures" help the blind see? Harvard Graduate School of Education Bulletin, 16, 22-23.

Kennedy, J.M. and Brust, R.(1972). Reversible figures and flexibility of picture perception. International conference on Cognition and the Arts, Perkins School, Mass.

Kennedy, J.M. (1972). On geometry and perceiving pictures. Leonardo, 5, p. 285-286 (Letter).

Kennedy, J.M. (1971). Review of M. H. Pirenne's "Art, Optics and Photography" Leonardo, 4, 397.

Kennedy, J. M. (1971). Illustrations, Psychology Today, revised text. C.R.M. Publications (invited memorandum)

Kennedy, J.M. and Mueller, E. (1970). Making babies play groups work. Early Times.

Kennedy, J.M. (1970). Pictorial perception. Conference on Ecological Optics, Cornell.

Kennedy, J.M. (1970). Outlines and Shadows. American Psychological Association Conference, Miami.

Kennedy, J.M. (1970). Information in pictures. Conference on Structural Learning, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.

Kennedy, J.M. (1969). Lines in pictures: are they one-sided? Paper presented at the Eastern Psychological Association Conference.

Kennedy, J.M. (1968). Prismatic adaptation and the remembered location of targets. Paper presented at the Eastern Psychological Association Conference.

Gibson, J.J., Kennedy, J. M. and Toleno, T.L. (1967). A study of the stick-in-water illusion with children. Project Literacy Reports,8, 116-124.

Kennedy, J.M. (1966). Visual adaptation and perceptual information. M.Sc. Thesis, Queen's University, Belfast.

Kennedy, J.M. (1966). Meditation: an inquiry. Interest. Belfast, 6, 27-31.

Kennedy, J.M. (1965). The effect of perceptual anomalies on adaptations to displaced vision. B.Sc. Thesis, Queen's University, Belfast.

Kennedy, J.M. (1964). Psychology and Theology, Paper presented to the Psychology Society, Queen's University, Belfast.